Many people complain of pain that occur at the knee.This may indicate the beginning of the development of various diseases.The most common pathology that affects knee joints is arthrosis, which is popularly called salts deposition.
Absolute arthrosis leads to complete destruction of cartilage and bone exposure, as well as the formation of osteophytes and complete deformation of the joint.This disease can turn a person into a person with disabilities.We will try to find out what the disease are, what their symptoms and treatment methods are.
What is arthrosis of the knee articulation
The large berets and femoral bones in a person's knee joint are covered with joint cartilage.There is also a second type of cartilage, which form menis, acting as shock absorbers or layers.
The joint liquid provides smooth motion and additional protection.The development of arthrosis occurs when it begins Fabric loading is damagedprotect bones as a result from which its surface is exposed and the production of joint lubrication gradually decreases.At the same time, partial cartridges and complete losses may occur.
The manifestation of the deforming arthrosis of the knee joint is accompanied by the destruction of its cartilage shells and, after some time, the bones and ligaments located nearby may be attracted to the process.As a result of cartilage loss occurs FLIP increaseand the articulation is deformed.
Sometimes, outside, you may even feel bone spur, which are a pathological growth of bones.By chance Bone surface deformation, and they can no longer close, as expected, so a person has a movement limitation.
This condition is accompanied by pain.He manifests himself especially in the morning, when a person after prolonged immobility begins to move.In the end, this significantly reduces the quality of life.
Causes of the disease
What does this disease arise?Doctors identify various reasons:
- aging and cartilage wear;
- wound;
- overweight;
- Age -related changes;
- Autoimmune diseases.
In the latter case, immunity begins to attack its own joint tissue, which leads to its inflammation and destruction.An example is a disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, where simultaneous damage occurs to both joints and disability develops.
In addition, the reason for cartilage deformation can be called insufficient blood supply The femur heads.In this case, we are talking about aseptic necrosis.Knee joint degeneration and mechanical axis displacement may occur due to inadequate knee joint formation in early childhood.
Symptoms of the disease
Knee joint arthrosis is characterized by three stages of development.The first stage manifests itself by weak pain, unpleasant sensations at a painful point and periodically emerging swelling.
In the second stage, symptoms begin to intensify, a crisis appears and the movements become limited.The arthrosis of the third degree knee articulation is accompanied constant painful sensationswhile the cartilage fabric is practically destroyed.
The symptoms of knee joint arthrosis usually manifest by pain.It may occur suddenly, but basically its development occurs slowly.One person begins to notice -in the morning, immediately after awakening.Knee pain occurs when climbing the stairs and often When walking.When changing the mood in people sensitive to the meteo, pain in the knee joint is also observed.
Another symptom of arthrosis The swelling is, which occurs as a result of inflammation, accumulation of excess fluid in the knee or may be associated with the formation of bone spur.The skin in the affected place turns red and hot to the touch.In the case of chronic joint inflammation, pain and edema are removed using anti -inflammatory drugs.
In addition, the symptom of arthrosis is Loss of stability, when a person is simply not able to bend his leg on his knee or straighten it completely.The crisis that arises is explained by the fact that the amount of synovial lubrication decreases.Such a ranging sound that appears later causes the bone to stretch that, when driving, rubbing each other.
During the climb of the stairs or when performing exercise, there is limited movements.This makes many use a cane or walkers.
Knee joint deformation is a very terrible symptom of arthrosis, as it indicates that there were irreversible joint changes, making a person a person with disabilities.The knees can be expelled or turn into each other.
The principles of treatment
Having dealt with the common symptoms of the disease, it is necessary to understand how it is treated.First of all, it should aim to eliminate pain.
You need to know that just taking painkillers Only weakens symptomsBut in no way affect the course of the disease and these medications are unable to restore damaged cartilage.
The treatment of knee joint arthrosis with medicines is performed in the following ways:
- The use of non -esteroid anti -inflammatory drugs, with which pain relieves and reduces inflammation.
- The use of medicines that help restore cartilage.
- The use of ointments and creams of deformed arthrosis.
In some cases, surgical intervention is performed and also prescribe Physiotherapeutic procedures and physical therapy exercises.Gymnastics with this disease helps significantly in treatment, and the assistant doctor should select the exercises.
Currently, most medicines have Many side effects And with prolonged use, organs and systems function.
Using non -esteroids medicines
The treatment of knee joint arthrosis is performed by non -esteroid anti -inflammatory drugs.
They help relieve pain and reduce inflammation, but long -term use of these drugs is prohibited, as the resulting side effects negatively affect the mucosa and intestinal stomach, as well as liver, kidneys and cardiovascular system.
Despite the fact that taking these medications is necessary for the treatment of knee joint arthrosis, however, they are able to reduce the production of proteoglycans and thus dehydrate cartilage tissue.That is why these funds must be takenstrictly according to the prescription of a doctor And only under your control.
For prolonged use, experts advise the choice Selective anti -inflammatory drugs, which have fewer side effects and do not have a negative effect on cartilage metabolism.
Carbon Recovery Preparations
For nutrition and restoration of cartilage, constant intake is required in its tissuesChondoprotectors.These substances are very important to people who suffer from knee joint arthrosis.
The positive effect of your reception appears only after use for a long time (at least six months).Chondroprotectors improve the quantity and quality of synovial fluid, as well as contribute to restoration cartilage plate.
But despite beneficial properties of these compounds, they should not be considered as fixed assets for the treatment of knee joint arthrosis.For this purpose, medications should be taken for at least a year and a half, although they cannot completely restore destroyed cartilage.
Using creams, ointments and lengths
The treatment of knee articulation arthrosis provides for the use of various ointments and creams.But these medications should be considered only as an addition to the use of non -inflammatory drugs and chondroprotectors.Ointments and creams help reduce discomfort, swelling, pain, improve joint mobility.
This effect is explained by the fact that these products penetrate the skin in the blood, thus improving blood circulation in the joint, accelerating metabolism in cartilage and restoring it.
Compresso Treatment.A much larger effect compared to ointments has therapeutic compresses.For these purposes, a tool is often prescribed, which penetrates well the tissue and has an analgesic and anti -inflammatory effect.
The use of injections
The synovial liquid of the knee joint is very viscous so that the tissues do not rub.An important component of this lubrication is hyaluronic acid, connecting proteoglycans to normalize the structure of the cartilage tissue.
The level of this compound in synovial fluid in arthrosis patients is strongly reduced, because this lubricant becomes less viscous and friction is improved.
DRUG INJECTIONS Based on hyaluronic acid, performed at the knee, decreases the progression of the disease, but only half of patients diagnosed with arthrosis are reduced to a decrease in the manifestation of symptoms.The course of injections is usually carried out for three weeks and an injection is done every seven days.Six months later, this procedure is performed again.
Surgical treatment of knee articulation arthrosis
If therapeutic treatment did not bring the proper effect, surgery is performed.
It is also performed if irreversible changes in the knee joint have already occurred.
The surgical treatment is of two types:
- Arthrodesis.
- Prostheses.
With arthrodesis, the articulation is immobilized, due to which the pain is eliminated.Prostheses is a more modern method, which consists in the fact that, with the help of special prostheses, a complete or partial Damaged Articulation Replacement.
Thus, knee articulation arthrosis is an insidious disease of its consequences, as a person can become a disabled person.It can be avoided if you eat right, take a healthy lifestyle And control your weight.Thanks to such simple rules, you can never know about the existence of knee articulation arthrosis.